Scanners.
Barcode and Digital Link scanners produce reads at a point in a process. Those reads become the epcList of an EPCIS 2.0 event; the gateway does not read the tag, it accepts and validates the event the read produces.
POST /capturePOST /translate
From a scan to a stamped event.
scan: https://id.gs1.org/01/09506000134352/21/A1-9
becomes:
"type": "ObjectEvent", "action": "OBSERVE", "bizStep": "receiving",
"epcList": [ /* the scan, normalised */ ],
"who": "did:human:crew-lead", // asserted, graded
"spine:capturedBy": "acct:store-operator" // stamped
Illustrative: the handheld's read, and the event it becomes. The scan supplies the What; the capture supplies the rest — validated, graded, stamped, hashed, appended.
For the engineer wiring the back door.
The scanner vendor's SDK ends at the string; the standard begins at the event. Keeping that seam explicit is what lets you change hardware without changing the record — the door validates events, not devices.
Proof, not adjectives. The gateway's conformance tests pass against GS1's normative artefacts. See How for the dimension, and What ships today for the dated ledger.
We answer in writing. We take at most five conversations a month, only when you ask for one, and only after you already have the written read.